Name ______Date______
Mixtures and Solutions Study Guide
1. What is matter? Anything that has mass and takes up space
2. What are the three main phases of matter? solid, liquid, gas
3. What are the characteristics of a solid?
Particles are very close to each other and stay in the same place. It has a definite shape and volume
4. What are the characteristics of a liquid? Particles are close together, but not as close as a solid. The particles move apart and flow from place to place.
5. What are the characteristics of a gas?
Particles are very spread out and move around at fast speeds
6. Liquids combined with gases are examples of ______solutions______.
7. Substances that are completely mixed together so that you cannot tell their separate properties are called ______solutions______.
8. Explain what filtration is.
Using a filter to separate small solid particles from a liquid
9. Explain what chromatography is.
Separating using paper and a liquid. The paper is placed in the liquid and the solvent carries the material while traveling over the paper.
10. Explain what evaporation is.
Separating a solid from a liquid by heating the liquid until it turns into gas.
11. Explain what floatation is.
Separating substances that float from things that sink.
12. Explain what sifting is.
Using a screen to separate smaller pieces from larger pieces
13. Explain what magnetic attraction is.
Using a magnet to separate metal from other things
14. What are the two main parts of a solution?
Solute and solvent
15. What do you do to a solution to make it more concentrated?
Add more solute
16. In a solution, what is there usually more of?
The solvent
17. What are some ways to increase the rate of dissolving?
Increase the temperature, stirring, decrease the particle size
18. What is combined to make table salt?
Sodium and chloride
19. What happens when a mixture is chemically combined?
A new substance is created that cannot be easily separated into original components
20. What pollution is mostly caused by agriculture?
Pesticides or fertilizers can contaminate the soil and water
21. Burning fossil fuels would cause which type of pollution?
Air pollution