1. Prokaryotic Cells Are Found in the Domain(S) _____

1. Prokaryotic cells are found in the domain(s) _____.

1. Bacteria and Archaea
2. Bacteria and Eukarya
3. Bacteria and Protista
4. Bacteria
5. Protista and Archaea

2. Which kingdom within the domain Eukarya is composed of organisms that are generally unicellular (single-celled)?

1. Plantae
2. Fungi
3. Animalia
4. Protista
5. Archaea

3. A theory is _____.

1. a poorly supported idea that has little backing but might be correct
2. a well-supported concept that has broad explanatory power
3. the same thing as a hypothesis
4. not correct unless it is several years old
5. a concept that, once established in the scientific literature, can be modified but never rejected, even when new scientific methods produce data that don't fit

4. A hypothesis must be testable and falsifiable to be scientifically valid. Being testable and falsifiable means that _____.

1. some conceivable observation or experiment could reveal whether a given hypothesis is correct or incorrect
2. the hypothesis has been proved wrong
3. there must be several options in the hypothesis to choose from, one of which is correct
4. if the hypothesis is not correct, the experiment was a failure

5. Science itself is not capable of _____.

1. determining the physical causes for physical phenomena or explaining naturally occurring events
2. being reproduced or falsified
3. formulating testable hypotheses in seeking natural causes for natural phenomena
4. addressing questions of ethical dilemmas
5. being an active and dynamic process

6. Taxonomy is ___.

1. A hierarchical classification of organisms.
2. A classification that reflects historical relationships.
3. A division of organisms based on similar sets of characteristics
4. a and c
5. All of the above

7. Prokaryotes are ___.

1. Examples of protists
2. Classified into one domain
3. Important because they changed the earth’s atmosphere by creating CO2
4. Unable to move
5. Extremely successful

8. The cell wall of bacteria

1. Does not protect it from the outside environment
2. Is not partly made of peptidoglycan
3. Cannot be kept from forming in the presence of antibiotics
4. Can be stained with Gram staining
5. None of the above

9. Prokaryotes

1. Are mostly able to move
2. Have some internal organelles
3. Have no DNA
4. Reproduce slowly
5. Contain plasmids that are never antibiotic resistant

10. Where is a bacterial cell’s DNA found?

1. Mitochondria
2. Nucleus
3. Peroxisome
4. Nucleoid region
5. Capsule

11. Bacterial cells, but not eukaryotic cells, possess _____.

1. Photosynthetic pigments
2. A nucleoid with a circular chromosome
3. Membrane-enclosed organelles
4. Cell walls

12. Name the correct order of appearance of the following:

1. Atmospheric oxygen, prokaryotes, land plants, eukaryotes
2. Prokaryotes, land plants, Atmospheric oxygen, eukaryotes
3. Eukaryotes, atmospheric oxygen, prokaryotes, land plants
4. Prokaryotes, Atmospheric oxygen, eukaryotes, land plants
5. Atmospheric oxygen, prokaryotes, eukaryotes, land plants

13. The Endosymbiont Theory states

1. That cells are genetic chimera
2. That the similarities between mitochondria and prokaryotes is an important piece of evidence for this theory
3. Eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotes that engulfed other prokaryotes
4. Ancestors of eukaryotic cells formed a symbiotic relationship with prokaryotes
5. All of the above

14. _____ produces four daughter cells of a different ploidy, while _____ produces two identical daughter cells of the same ploidy.

1. Mitosis, meiosis
2. Mitosis, mitosis
3. Meiosis, mitosis
4. Meiosis, meiosis

15. Dinoflagellates, apicomplexans, and ciliates are placed in the clade Alveolata because they all

1. have flagella or cilia.
2. are parasites of animals.
3. are found exclusively in freshwater or marine habitats.
4. have mitochondria.
5. have membrane-bounded sacs under their plasma membrane.

16. Which of these groups consist of parasitic flagellated cells, such as Trypanosoma, the organism that causes sleeping sickness?

1. amoebozoans
2. kinetoplastids
3. diatoms
4. green algae
5. ciliates

17. Plasmodium, the parasitic organism that causes malaria, is a(n) _____.

1. ciliate
2. diatom
3. entamoeba
4. apicomplexan
5. plasmodial slime molds

18. Which group is characterized by cells with fine hairlike projections on their flagella?

1. Alveolata
2. Euglenozoa
3. Metazoa
4. Stramenopila
5. Rhodophyta

19. Which organisms are capable of producing a "red tide"?

1. dinoflagellates
2. diatoms
3. amoebozoans
4. euglenids
5. red algae

20. Which of these groups is characterized by cells that have more than one nucleus?

1. diatoms
2. dinoflagellates
3. euglenids
4. ciliates
5. apicomplexans

21. Which of the following groups of algae is (are) most closely related to land plants?

1. brown algae
2. green algae
3. red algae
4. blue-green algae
5. all of the above

22. Kinetoplastids

1. Have no parasitic species
2. Have a pocket with two flagella
3. Have an organized mass of DNA (kinetoplast)
4. Include dinoflagellates
5. None of the above

23. Plasmodial slime molds, part of the clade Amoebozoa, have

1. A habit of feeding in large masses (“super cell”)
2. Are known for having 2 flagella—one hairy and one smooth
3. Are responsible for malaria
4. Are a type of red algae (clade Rhodophyta)

24. Which of the following is not evidence that charophyceans are the closest algal relatives of plants?

1. similar sperm structure
2. apical meristems
3. similarities in cell wall formation during cell division (phragmoplast)
4. genetic similarities in chloroplasts
5. similarities in proteins that synthesize cellulose

25. Apical meristems are

1. Gametangia
2. Sporangia
3. Roots
4. The plant’s “stem cells”

26. Sporophytes produce _____, while gametophytes produce _____.

1. Spores, embryos
2. Spores, food for the plant
3. Gametes, spores
4. Spores, gametes

27. Which of the following characteristics do mosses, liverworts, and hornworts share?

a. reproduction in gametangia; embryos

b. vascular tissues, true leaves, and a waxy cuticle

c. seeds

28. Which of the following is diploid?

a. the archegonia of a moss

b. a cell in the gametangia of a moss

c. a cell that is part of the stalk of a moss sporophyte

d. a spore produced by a sporophyte

29. Which of the following produce eggs and sperm?

a. sporophytes

b. moss gametophytes

c. moss sporangia

30. Fertilization in moss occurs when sperm swim from a(n) _____ and down the neck of a(n) _____.

a. antheridium ... sporangium

b. sporangium ... antheridium

c. antheridium ... archegonium

d. archegonium ... antheridium

e. sporangium ... archegonium

31. The gametophyte generation of a moss _____.

a. produces spores

b. is dependent on the sporophyte

c. is haploid

d. is rarely encountered, compared with the sporophyte

32. Mosses are limited mostly to moist environments because _____.

a. their pollen is carried by water

b. they lack vascular tissue

c. they have swimming sperm

d. their seeds do not store water

33. Which of the following is not common to all phyla of vascular plants?

1. the development of seeds
2. alternation of generations
3. dominance of the diploid (sporophyte) generation
4. xylem and phloem
5. sporophyte that is independent of the gametophyte

34. The conspicuous part of a fern plant is a _____.

1. haploid gametophyte
2. diploid gametophyte
3. diploid sorus
4. diploid sporophyte
5. haploid sporophyte

35. In the life cycle of a fern, the multicellular male gametangium (the sex organ that produces sperm cells) is called a(n) _____.

1. antheridium
2. archegonium
3. frond
4. sporangium

36. Fern gametophytes are _____.

1. photosynthetic diploid organisms
2. produced from haploid gametes
3. part of the asexual life cycle
4. free-living, multicellular organisms
5. found on the underside of fern leaves (fronds)

37. Seeds contain

1. An embryo
2. A store of food
3. A resistant coat
4. All of the above

38. Characteristics of seed plants are

1. Ovules
2. Increased size of gametophytes as compared to non-seed vascular plants
3. Pollen
4. Homospory
5. Both a and c

39. Megasporangia produce megaspores, which produce _____ that produce _____.

1. Female gametophyte, eggs
2. Female gametophyte, sperm
3. Male gametophyte, eggs
4. Male gametophyte, sperm

40. In the phylum Cycadophyta, which resemble palm trees, the species are dioecious. This means

1. That the male and female parts are housed on the same plant
2. That the male and female parts are housed on separate plants
3. That pollen cones and seed cones are on the same plant

41. In _____ cones, microsporangia produce microspore mother cells that are _____, which undergo _____ to produce haploid microspores.

1. Ovulate, diploid, meiosis
2. Ovulate, haploid, mitosis
3. Pollen, dipoid, meiosis
4. Pollen, haploid, mitosis

42. Pollination and fertilization are different terms, in that

1. Pollination occurs when the egg and sperm cells join
2. Fertilization occurs when pollen lands on a structure that contains ovules
3. Both a and b
4. None of the above

43. In pines, an embryo is a(n) _____.

1. seed
2. immature sporophyte
3. food reserve for the immature sporophyte
4. immature male gametophyte
5. immature female gametophyte

44. Which of these statements is true about the gametophyte tissue that surrounds the pine embryo?

1. It functions as a haploid food reserve.
2. It functions as a diploid food reserve.
3. It functions as a triploid food reserve.
4. It develops from the fusion of a microspore and a megaspore.
5. It is the remnant of the pollen tube.

45. What is located in the scalelike structures packed densely in pollen cones?

1. sporangia
2. developing seedlings
3. megasporocytes
4. developing pollen tubes

Answers:

1. a
2. d
3. b
4. a
5. d
6. d
7. e
8. d
9. a
10. d
11. b
12. d
13. e
14. a
15. e
16. b
17. d
18. d
19. a
20. d
21. b
22. c
23. a
24. b
25. d
26. d
27. a
28. c
29. b
30. c
31. c
32. c
33. a
34. d
35. a
36. d
37. d
38. e
39. a
40. b
41. c
42. d
43. b
44. a
45. a