Anatomy II Exam 4 Answers
1. Produce sperm, produce hormones
2. exocrine
3. endocrine
4. epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, Cowper's glands,
ejaculatory duct, urethra
5. scrotum, penis
6. 1 in. x 1.5 in; oval
7. spermatic cord and scrotum
8. inguinal canal
9. testicular artery and vein, nerves, lymphatic vessels, cremaster
muscle, vas deferens
10. by the 8th week of fetal development
11. descent of testes
12. gubernaculums
13. anchors testes to scrotum
14. cryptorchidism
15. spermatogonia
16. 3%
17. tunica vaginalis
18. tunica albuginea
19. @ 250 lobules
20. 1 to 3
21. @ 28 in. long
22. spermatogenic cells, sertoli cells
23. become sperm
24. support and nourish developing sperm, secrete inhibin
25. To incarcerate societal scum
26. interstitial cells of Leydig
27. spermatogenesis
28. spermatogonia
29. to keep a reserve
30. diploid
31. diploid
32. haploid
33. haploid
34. haploid
35. 74 days
36. differentiated
37. meiosis I
38. reduction
39. meiosis II
40. equatorial
41. flagellum
42. spermiogenesis
43. spermatozoa
44. head, midpiece, flagellum
45. acrosome
46. penetration of the ovum
47. mitochondria
48. 300 million
49. posterior surface of each testes
50. head, body, and tail
51. ductus epididymis
52. glycogen
53. food source for sperm
54. maturation
55. @ one month
56. reabsorbed
57. vas deferens
58. 18 inches
59. urethra
60. peristalsis
61. inguinal canal
62. seminal vesicles
63. ejaculatory duct
64. ampulla
65. prostate
66. prostatic urethra
67. membranous urethra
68. penile or spongy urethra
69. seminal vesicles, prostate gland, Cowper's glands
70. exocrine
71. paired, pouch-like structures
72. posterior base of urinary bladder
73. 60%
74. fructose
75. chestnut-shaped
76. beneath the urinary bladder, surrounding the urethra
77. 25%
78. paired, pea-sized
79. beneath prostate within the urogenital diaphragm on either side of the
membranous urethra
80. slightly alkaline mucous
81. help lubricate the lining of the urethra
82. accessory gland secretions, sperm
83. 2 to 5 ml each ejaculation
84. 50 to 150 million
85. alkaline- 7.2 to 7.8
86. to neutralize the acidic male urethra and female vagina
87. seminal plasmin
88. prostaglandins
89. helps uterus to contract slightly
90. movement of sperm
91. hyaluronidase
92. helps digest the mucous of the cervix
93. scrotum and penis
94. pouch of skin, subcutaneous tissue
95. ventral side, base of penis, anterior to anus, in area called perineum
96. support, protection, heat regulation
97. Dartos muscle
98. sexual or cold stimuli
99. pull the testes to the body
100. scrotal septum
101. prevent spread of trauma or infection
102. compartmentalization
103. cylinder-shaped
104. convey both urine and sperm
105. copulation
106. Let’s all be adults here and answer this biologically
107. root, body or shaft, and glans penis
108. bulbocavernosus muscle
109. three columns of erectile tissue
110. corpora cavernosa, corpus spongiosum
111. corpus spongiosum, corpora cavernosa
112. tunica albuginea
113. acorn-shaped
114. the glans penis is the enlarged distal end of the corpus spongiosum
115. external urethral orifice
116. corona
117. prepuce
118. at frenulum of prepuce
119. circumcision
120. smegma
121. produce haploid ova, produce hormones
122. endocrine
123. exocrine
124. paired, oval structures
125. in upper pelvic cavity on both sides of the uterus
126. mesovarium, ovarian ligament, suspensory ligament
127. broad ligament
128. uterus
129. pelvic wall
130. germinal epithelium, tunica albuginea, cortex, medulla
131. simple cuboidal epithelial tissue
132. fibrous C.T.
133. masses of developing follicles
134. many blood vessels and nerves
135. oogonia
136. haploid ova
137. mitosis
138. several million
139. approximately one million
140. primary oocytes
141. meiosis I
142. prophase I
143. puberty
144. approximately 300,000
145. FSH
146. unequally
147. haploid cells
148. 2ndary oocyte and first polar body
149. 20 to 25 per month
150. meiosis II
151. metaphase II
152. ovulation and fertilization
153. after fertilization
154. unequally
155. haploid cells
156. ovum and second polar body
157. disintegrates
158. the diploid number is restored in the form of a zygote
159. diploid
160. diploid
161. haploid
162. haploid
163. primordial and primary
164. 2ndary or Graafian
165. single layer of flat follicular cells
166. a glycoprotein layer (zona pellucida) and several layers of follicular
cells
167. zona pellucida and a mantle of follicular cells (corona radiata)
168. antrum
169. The loser
170. Graafian follicle
171. on the surface of the ovary
172. Fallopian tubes or oviducts
173. approximately 4 inches long
174. uterus, ovary
175. transport ova from ovaries to the uterus, movement of sperm to the ovum
176. infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus
177. funnel-shaped
178. ovary
179. touches, not attached
180. fimbriae
181. infundibulopelvic
182. ampulla
183. fertilization
184. isthmus
185. ciliated columnar epithelial tissue
186. transport sperm, transport ova, secrete mucous
187. uterus
188. like an inverted pear
189. implantation
190. fundus, body, cervix
191. dome-shaped
192. anterior superior portion of the uterus
193. most inferior constricted neck portion
194. vagina
195. hysterectomy
196. uterus and ovaries, also
197. broad ligaments, round ligaments, uterosacral ligaments, cardinal
ligaments.
198. parietal peritoneum
199. fibrous C.T. and simple squamous epithelial tissue
200. lateral walls of the uterus, pelvic floor
201. upper uterus, anterior pelvic wall
202. body of uterus, sacrum
203. cervix, posterior pelvic floor
204. perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium
205. serosa
206. visceral peritoneum
207. muscularis
208. smooth muscle
209. at the fundus
210. contracts
211. mucosa
212. vascular
213. glandular layer of ciliated simple columnar epithelial tissue and C.T.
214. stratum functionalis, stratum basalis
215. sheds
216. regenerates stratum functionalis
217. endometriosis
218. a muscular tube
219. smooth
220. stratified squamous epithelial tissue
221. approximately 4 inches long
222. cervix, outside
223. vaginal orifice
224. fornix of vagina
225. hymen
226. vulva or pudendum
227. mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, vestibule, perineum
228. a pad of adipose tissue and hair-covered skin
229. over the pubic symphysis
230. two thick, longitudinal folds of hair-covered skin that extend
inferiorly from the mons pubis
231. contains sweat and sebaceous glands
232. two smaller folds of hairless skin, medial to the labia majora.
233. contains sweat and sebaceous glands
234. a small cylinder of two columns of erectile tissue (corpora cavernosa)
235. glans clitoris
236. prepuce
237. parasympathetic innervation
238. vestibule
239. vaginal orifice and external urethral orifice
240. vestibular or Bartholin's glands
241. lubrication during intercourse.
242. perineum
243. between the vaginal orifice and anus
244. episiotomy
245. penis, scrotum
246. vulva
247. x, y
248. x, x
249. testes
250. ovaries
251. glans penis
252. glans clitoris
253. penile urethra
254. labia minora
255. membranous urethra
256. vestibule
257. scrotum, Cowper's
258. labia majora, glands vestibular glands
259. masculinizes
260. Testes Determining Factor (TDF)
261. at six weeks
262. 8 weeks
263. by 12th week
264. sex-linked
265. 25% chance
266. homologues
267. female reproductive cycle
268. the first day of menses
269. Ovarian cycle, Uterine cycle
270. follicular phase, luteal phase
271. 1 to 13
272. FSH
273. primordial follicles
274. primary oocytes
275. 2ndary follicles
276. Graafian follicle
277. estrogens
278. B-estradiol
279. negative feedback and positive feedback
280. FSH
281. release of LH
282. Trick question. No answer.
283. ovulation
284. Graafian follicle
285. 2ndary oocyte with zona pellucida and corona radiate
286. 15 to 28
287. corpus hemorrhagicum
288. corpus luteum
289. estrogens and progesterone
290. the endometrium to thicken
291. human chorionic gonadotropic hormone (hCG)
292. a negative feedback on the adenohypophysis
293. FSH, no new follicles
294. corpus albicans
295. menstrual phase, preovulatory phase, postovulatory phase
296. @ days 1 to 5
297. progesterone and estrogen levels dropped and the stratum functionalis
breaks away to be passed out of the body.
298. @50 to 150 ml
299. blood, epithelial tissue, mucous
300. estrogen levels
301. growth of the stratum functionalis
302. 15 to 28
303. progesterone
304. endometrium
305. thick, very vascular, spongy, and secretory
306. break down
307. sudoriferous
308. pectoralis major
309. lobes
310. lobules
311. alveoli
312. alveolar glands
313. the nipple
314. voting booth
315. exocrine and/or apocrine
316. exocytosis
317. areola
318. lubrication of the nipple during suckling
319. sebaceous
320. adipose deposition
321. suspensory ligaments
322. lactation
323. prolactin
324. following childbirth
325. colostrums
326. high levels of protein and antibodies
327. two days
328. 88%, 7%, 4%, 1%
329. disaccharide carbohydrate
330. nervous feedback onto the hypothalamus
331. prolactin
332. gonadotropic releasing hormones (GnRH)
333. oxytocin
334. milk letdown
335. fertilization
336. in the ampulla of the uterine tube
337. 100-500 million
338. @ 10 hours
339. capacitation
340. @ 100
341. Trick question. The rest die.
342. hyaluronidase
343. corona radiata and zona pellucida
344. only one
345. meiosis II
346. male pronucleus
347. female pronucleus
348. zygote
349. @ 24 hours
350. up to three days
351. 30
352. cleavage
353. morula
354. solid mass of cells
355. blastula
356. hollow ball of cells
357. blastocoel
358. blastocyst
359. inner mass, trophoblast
360. implants, and forms the embryonic membranes
361. embryo
362. monozygotic
363. dizygotic
364. yolk sac, chorion, allantois, amnion
365. blood cell formation
366. placenta
367. umbilical arteries and vein
368. insulator and cushion
369. stratum functionalis
370. chorionic villi
371. maternal blood sinuses
372. nutrients and waste
373. hCG, estrogen, progesterone, relaxin
374. umbilical arteries, umbilical vein
375. transports oxygenated blood toward fetal heart
376. transports deoxygenated blood away from the fetal heart
377. ductus arteriosus
378. foramen ovale
379. zygote to 8 weeks
380. brain waves start
381. fetus
382. 280 days or 40 weeks or 9 months
383. day one of last menses to birth
384. parturition
385. labor
386. irregular intervals, no dilation of cervix, no bloody show
387. regular interval contractions that intensify, cervix dilates to 10 cm.,
discharge of bloody show
388. oxytocin
389. high progesterone levels
390. 8th month
391. dilation, expulsion, placental stage
392. 10 cm.
393. amniotic sac
394. 18 to 24 hours
395. 10 minutes after expulsion
396. afterbirth
Short Answer
1. -Erectile tissue becomes engorged with blood, causing the penis to be wider, longer, and firmer.
-Volume entering in arteries is greater than the volume leaving through
veins.
-The normal penile state is flaccid due to constant Sympathetic impulses maintaining partial contraction of the tunica media in arteries.
-During sexual stimulation, Parasympathetic impulses dilate the arteries so more blood enters than what is leaving, the blood accumulates in the erectile tissue, compressing veins. An erection occurs.
-This is caused by voluntary or involuntary action from Parasympathetic
impulses in the sacral spinal cord.
2. Emission is the movement of sperm from the epididymis through the vas deferens and ejaculatory duct to the urethra by peristalsis due to
sympathetic impulses. This also causes release of accessory gland fluids.
3. This is the forcing of semen from the urethra in a series of spurts. As the urethra fills during emission, sensory impulses go to the sacral spinal cord, causing both Sympathetic and Parasympathetic innervation. Parasympathetic causes the bulbocavernosus muscle to contract rhythmically; Sympathetic causes peristalsis of urethral muscularis.
4. Seminiferous tubules...ductus epididymis...vas deferens...ejaculatory
duct...prostatic urethra...membranous urethra...penile urethra...vagina
...cervix...fundus...body...isthmus...ampulla
5. Ovary...fimbriae...infundibulum...ampulla...isthmus...uterine wall
True/False
1. F
2. F
3. T
4. F
5. T
6. T
7. T
8. F
9. T
10. F
11. F
12. F
13. F
14. T
15. T
16. T
17. T
18. F
19. F
20. F
21. T
22. F
Matching
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15. j
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25. k
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37. g