1.Originally, presidential candidates were chosen by
a.lottery.
b.conventions.
c.congressionalcaucus.
d.statelegislatures.
e.governors.
ANSWER:c
REFERENCES:Presidential Elections: Winning theNomination
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.1 - LO10.1
2.After party caucuses when national nominating conventions dominated, the real power, in selecting presidential nominees, was wielded by
a.the voters in primaryelections.
b.local partyleaders.
c.politicalpundits.
d.nonpartisan groups that sought to pick the best candidates.
e.the voters in caucuselections.
ANSWER:b
REFERENCES:Presidential Elections: Winning theNomination
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.1 - LO10.1
3.When Hubert Humphrey won the Democratic nomination for the presidency in 1968, he did so
a.without spending money on advertising.
b.with considerable assistance from Republican voters.
c.without raisingmoney.
d.in spite of opposition from party bosses.
e.without competing in a single state primary.
ANSWER:e
REFERENCES:Presidential Elections: Winning theNomination
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.1 - LO10.1
4.By the time the 2012 presidential election was completed, the Obama campaign and the Romney campaign, together with a dozen other contenders for the presidency, had raised and spent approximately
a.$600million.
b.$4billion.
c.$1.3billion.
d.$800million.
e.$500million.
ANSWER:c
REFERENCES:Presidential Elections: Winning theNomination
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.1 - LO10.1
5.Most of the money that individual candidates spend during the course of a campaign is directed toward
a.media-relatedactivities.
b.campaign staff and advisors.
c.travel-relatedexpenses.
d.campaignliterature.
e.the nationalconvention.
ANSWER:a
REFERENCES:Presidential Elections: Winning theNomination
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.1 - LO10.1
6.A comprehensive study on political advertisements found that the largest number emphasized
a.stirring positiveemotions.
b.voters’fears.
c.civicduty.
d.nonpartisancooperation.
e.candidates’ personalqualities.
ANSWER:b
REFERENCES:How Do Voters Learn about theCandidates?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.3 - LO10.3
7.The text suggests that the term campaigning has become a synonym for
a.calculating.
b.mobilizing.
c.communicating.
d.reflecting.
e.fundraising.
ANSWER:e
REFERENCES:Presidential Elections: Winning theNomination
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.1 - LO10.1
8.A major difference between presidential campaigns and congressional campaigns is that
a.fewer people vote in presidential elections.
b.presidential incumbents can better serve their constituents.
c.presidential incumbents can more easily avoid responsibility.
d.presidential races are generally more competitive.
e.congressional incumbents are more likely to be defeated.
ANSWER:d
REFERENCES:CongressionalElections
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.5 - LO10.5
9.Electoral coattails refersto
a.the formal attire of presidential candidates.
b.coordinated campaigns between different offices in the sameparty.
c.competition between the two main parties.
d.how better looking candidates perform better in national elections.
e.the winning presidential candidate’s positive effect on congressional elections.
ANSWER:e
REFERENCES:CongressionalElections
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.5 - LO10.5
10.The biggest challenge in the presidential primary is for a candidate is
a.that they are unknown to thepublic.
b.that incumbents are hard tounseat.
c.gaining the support of the party organization.
d.choosing aVice-President.
e.deciding when torun.
ANSWER:a
REFERENCES:Presidential Elections: Winning theNomination
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.1 - LO10.1
11.The effect of winning early elections on candidate support is called
a.recognition.
b.caucusing.
c.momentum or the bandwagoneffect.
d.activating latentpartisanship.
e.mediacoverage.
ANSWER:c
REFERENCES:Presidential Elections: Winning theNomination
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.1 - LO10.1
12.Concerned about the shortened length of campaigns, parties have begun to
a.reduce frontloading of primary elections and reduce delegates from earlystates.
b.move up early voting by giving more delegates to early states.
c.move back their conventions to later in the year.
d.donothing.
e.None of these choices istrue.
ANSWER:a
REFERENCES:Presidential Elections: Winning theNomination
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.1 - LO10.1
13.Since 1911 the size of the House of Representatives has been fixedatmembers. a.100
b. 217
c. 400
d. 435
e. 437
ANSWER:d
REFERENCES:CongressionalElections
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.5 - LO10.5
14.According to the text, campaign matter for
a.assigning credit and blame for the state of the nation.
b.activating latentpartisanship.
c.judging qualities of candidates.
d.Assigningcreditandblame,activatinglatentpartisanship,andjudgingqualitiesofcandidatesarealltrue.
e.None of these choices istrue.
ANSWER:d
REFERENCES:How Does the CampaignMatter?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.2 - LO10.2
15.When a district is so unequal that the votes of citizens are unequal in size
a.malapportioned.
b.reapportioned.
c.regressed.
d.gerrymandered.
e.disbarred.
ANSWER:a
REFERENCES:Congressional Elections (MarginText)
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.5 - LO10.5
16.Since 1962, the incumbent reelection percentage in the House has never dropped below
a.60percent.
b.65percent.
c.75percent.
d.80percent.
e.90percent.
ANSWER:d
REFERENCES:CongressionalElections
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.5 - LO10.5
17.When a district is drawn in a bizarre or unusual shape to assist a candidate, it is
a.malapportioned.
b.reapportioned.
c.regressed.
d.gerrymandered.
e.disbarred.
ANSWER:d
REFERENCES:CongressionalElections
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.5 - LO10.5
18.After the last two census adjustments, which state has benefited the most by gaining the highest number of seatsin theHouse?
a.California
b.NewYork
c.Florida
d.Texas
e.Illinois
ANSWER:d
REFERENCES:CongressionalElections
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.5 - LO10.5
19.The quintessential summary of retrospective voting, according to Ronald Reagan, was,
a.“All politics islocal.”
b.“Events, dear boy,events.”
c.“Government is not the solution to our problem; government is the problem.”
d.“Every man a king, but no one wears thecrown.”
e.“Are you better off than you were four years ago?”
ANSWER:e
REFERENCES:How Does the CampaignMatter?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.2 - LO10.2
20.The most important factor in winning the Presidency is
a.partisanship.
b.the health of thenation.
c.candidatecharacter.
d.fundraising.
e.organization.
ANSWER:a
REFERENCES:How Does the CampaignMatter?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.2 - LO10.2
21.Which of the following is not considered a pivotal state in presidential elections?
a.Florida.
b.California.
c.Pennsylvania.
d.Colorado.
e.Iowa.
ANSWER:b
REFERENCES:How Do Voters Learn about theCandidates?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.3 - LO10.3
22.Democrats who participate in the Iowa caucus tend tobe
a.more liberal than Democrats generally.
b.more conservative than Democratsgenerally.
c.less likely to win the nomination compared to other candidates who do not participate.
d.more moderate than Democratsgenerally.
e.None of these choices istrue.
ANSWER:a
REFERENCES:Presidential Elections: Winning theNomination
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.1 - LO10.1
23.Inthe1980presidentialelection,manypeoplevotedforRonaldReaganoverJimmyCarterasavoteagainst
Carter’s performance. This is an example of a(n)
a.spinvote.
b.retrospectivevote.
c.prospectivevote.
d.informedvote.
e.inclinedvote.
ANSWER:b
REFERENCES:How Does the CampaignMatter?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.2 - LO10.2
24.Aissue is one in which the rival candidates have opposing views on a question that also divides thevoters.
a.valence
b.primary
c.secondary
d.residual
e.position
ANSWER:e
REFERENCES:How Does the CampaignMatter?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.2 - LO10.2
25.To be president, a person mustbe
a.a natural borncitizen.
b.45 yearsold.
c.a legalizedcitizen.
d.40 yearsold.
e.aveteran.
ANSWER:a
REFERENCES:How Does the CampaignMatter?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.2 - LO10.2
26.Nearly everyone is in agreement over aissue, and the candidate fully supports the public’sview.
a.valence
b.primary
c.secondary
d.position
e.residual
ANSWER:a
REFERENCES:How Does the CampaignMatter?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.2 - LO10.2
27.To be a member of the House of Representatives, a person must be
a.20 yearsold.
b.25 yearsold.
c.30 yearsold.
d.35 yearsold.
e.40 yearsold.
ANSWER:b
REFERENCES:CongressionalElections
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.5 - LO10.5
28.The following is an example of a valenceissue.
a.Richard Nixon being more supportive of anticrime measures than his rival
b.Jimmy Carter appearing to favor honesty in government more than his opponent
c.Ronald Reagan being more closely identified with a strong economy than his opponent
d.George H. W. Bush being more closely linked to patriotism than his opponent
e.All of these choices aretrue.
ANSWER:e
REFERENCES:How Does the CampaignMatter?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.2 - LO10.2
29.Most political adsare
a.negative.
b.positive.
c.neither negative nor positive.
d.related to the issues of thecampaign.
e.ineffective.
ANSWER:a
REFERENCES:How Do Voters Learn about theCandidates?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.3 - LO10.3
30.Disputed congressional elections are decided by
a.the SupremeCourt.
b.the state supremecourts.
c.Congress.
d.the statelegislatures.
e.stategovernors.
ANSWER:c
REFERENCES:CongressionalElections
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.5 - LO10.5
31.Which of the following is true of political advertising?
a.They are a cheap method of informing voters.
b.They are massively effective and changing voter’s minds.
c.They have long lasting effects.
d.Candidates do not counter-advertise.
e.None of these answers are true.
ANSWER:e
REFERENCES:How Do Voters Learn about theCandidates?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.3 - LO10.3
32.The Constitution’s doctrine of “privileged speech” has been interpreted by the Supreme Court to mean
a.that members of Congress cannot be sued or prosecuted for anything that they say or write in connection with their legislativeduties.
b.that members of Congress do not have privileged status protecting their legislative speech.
c.that members of Congress can issue press releases that are libelous.
d.that members of Congress can issue press releases with information from classifieddocuments.
e.that members of Congress can be sued or prosecuted for what they have read into the Congressional Record.
ANSWER:a
REFERENCES:CongressionalElections
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.5 - LO10.5
33.In recent elections, candidates have relied increasingly on
a.appearances at malls to reach potentialvoters.
b.large parades and rallies to reach potentialvoters.
c.whistlestop train tours to reach potential voters.
d.appearances at factories to reach potentialvoters.
e.broadcasting to reach potential voters.
ANSWER:e
REFERENCES:How Do Voters Learn about theCandidates?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.3 - LO10.3
34.Since 1964, African Americans have voted Democratic by at least a.50%.
b. 60%.
c. 70%.
d. 80%.
e. 90%.
ANSWER:d
REFERENCES:Building a WinningCoalition
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.4 - LO10.4
35.Most demographic groups favor one party or the other by
a.25% or more b.20%
c. 15%
d. 10%
e. 5% or less
ANSWER:e
REFERENCES:Building a WinningCoalition
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.4 - LO10.4
36.Presidential elections are held every
a.2years.
b.4years.
c.6years.
d.8years.
e.10years.
ANSWER:b
REFERENCES:CongressionalElections
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.5 - LO10.5
37.Congressional elections are held every
a.2years.
b.4years.
c.6years.
d.8years.
e.10years.
ANSWER:a
REFERENCES:CongressionalElections
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.5 - LO10.5
38.In general, thepresident’spartyin offyear midtermelections.
a.gainsvotes
b.keeps the same number ofvotes
c.losesvotes
d.gains or loses votes with no apparent pattern
e.gains or loses votes based on thefundamentals.
ANSWER:c
REFERENCES:CongressionalElections
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.5 - LO10.5
39.The federal government provides matching funds, dollar for dollar, for money raised by small donors for what types ofelections?
a.Congressionalelections
b.Presidentialelections
c.Governor’selections
d.State legislativeelections
e.None of these choices istrue.
ANSWER:b
REFERENCES:Campaign Finance: Regulating the Flow of Political Money
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.6 - LO10.6
40.Campaign financereforms
a.required candidates to raise money from many small donors.
b.required donations to be reported to the FEC.
c.made the media more powerful in elections.
d.benefited incumbentpoliticians.
e.All of these choices aretrue.
ANSWER:e
REFERENCES:Campaign Finance: Regulating the Flow of Political Money
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.6 - LO10.6
41.Ordinary advertising directed at or against a candidate, but not by any candidate’s wish, is
a.“independent expenditure.”
b.illegal.
c.only present at the statelevel.
d.“politicalaction.”
e.“softmoney.”
ANSWER:a
REFERENCES:Campaign Finance: Regulating the Flow of Political Money
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.6 - LO10.6
42.The agency responsible for monitoring federal elections and campaign finance is the
a.United StatesCongress
b.United States Department ofState
c.United State Department ofJustice
d.State Departments ofState
e.Federal ElectionCommission
ANSWER:e
REFERENCES:Campaign Finance: Regulating the Flow of Political Money
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.6 - LO10.6
43.Based on research, presidential debates seemto
a.determineelections.
b.be pivotalevents.
c.be watched by only a fewinsiders.
d.matter for the remainingundecideds.
e.helpincumbents.
ANSWER:d
REFERENCES:How Do Voters Learn about theCandidates?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.3 - LO10.3
44.InFederalElectionCommissionv.WisconsinRighttoLife,theSupremeCourtheldthat
a.McCain-Feingold, a campaign finance law, was constitutional.
b.issue advocacy was not protected by the First Amendment and could bebanned.
c.issue advocacy was protected by the First Amendment and could not bebanned.
d.speech required money, and so campaign finance laws were illegal.
e.None of these choices istrue.
ANSWER:c
REFERENCES:Campaign Finance: Regulating the Flow of Political Money
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.6 - LO10.6
45.Unlimited money given to political parties, but not used to back candidates directly, is
a.hardmoney.
b.softmoney.
c.issueadvocacy.
d.PACmoney.
e.publicfunding.
ANSWER:b
REFERENCES:Campaign Finance: Regulating the Flow of Political Money
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.6 - LO10.6
46.Funding of congressional elections comes from
a.public sourcesonly.
b.private sourcesonly.
c.party sourcesonly.
d.a combination of public, party, and private sources.
e.the parties and publicsources.
ANSWER:b
REFERENCES:Campaign Finance: Regulating the Flow of Political Money
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.6 - LO10.6
47.The campaign finance law created in the 1970s was the direct by-productof
a.the Watergatescandal.
b.the passage of the Twenty-SixthAmendment.
c.decreasing voteturnout.
d.wage and price controls.
e.riots inChicago.
ANSWER:a
REFERENCES:Campaign Finance: Regulating the Flow of Political Money
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.6 - LO10.6
48.Most of the money for congressional candidates comes from
a.PACs.
b.majorcorporations.
c.smallbusinesses.
d.multinational corporations.
e.individuals.
ANSWER:e
REFERENCES:Campaign Finance: Regulating the Flow of Political Money
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.6 - LO10.6
49.Soft money is money that is obtained by
a.politicalparties.
b.incumbents.
c.challengers.
d.partyleaders.
e.party leaders’PACs.
ANSWER:a
REFERENCES:Campaign Finance: Regulating the Flow of Political Money
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.6 - LO10.6
50.The experience with 527 organizations in the 2004 elections suggests that campaign finance laws
a.are an effective way to minimize interest group participation.
b.are an effective way to reduce campaignspending.
c.facilitate coordination of efforts between candidates and groups.
d.are not likely to take money out ofpolitics.
e.have restricted speechconsiderably.
ANSWER:d
REFERENCES:Campaign Finance: Regulating the Flow of Political Money
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.6 - LO10.6
51.Which of the following does the text suggest is a critical factor in presidential elections?
a.The vice-presidentialnominee
b.Politicalreporting
c.The religion of thecandidates
d.The candidates’ positions on abortion
e.None of the above istrue.
ANSWER:e
REFERENCES:How Does the CampaignMatter?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.2 - LO10.2
52.One advantage that incumbents always have over challengersis
a.their larger share of federal campaign monies.
b.the political advantage of riding the president’s coattails.
c.their use of free mailings, orfranks.
d.their freedom from FEC regulations.
e.their freedom from libelous laws.
ANSWER:c
REFERENCES:CongressionalElections
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.5 - LO10.5
53.Many scholars argue that the foremost factor in determining how people vote is
a.debateperformance.
b.perception of the best candidate.
c.campaignspending.
d.a candidate’simage.
e.partyidentification.
ANSWER:e
REFERENCES:How Does the CampaignMatter?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.2 - LO10.2
54.Democrats could be predicted to win every presidential election if the only factor were
a.candidate appeal.
b.campaignissues.
c.debateperformance.
d.moneyspent.
e.partyidentification.
ANSWER:e
REFERENCES:How Does the CampaignMatter?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.2 - LO10.2
55.In a strong party parliamentary system, once a party winsoffice
a.it can implement its platform line by line.
b.it can only implement its platform if all the parties agree.
c.it must get approval of its platform from another branch of government.
d.it cannot undo previous parties’ laws.
e.None of these choices istrue.
ANSWER:a
REFERENCES:The Effects of Elections onPolicy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.7 - LO10.7
56.When a voter votes for the candidate whom he or she considers more likely to do a better job in office, that voting is referred toas
a.“clothespin”voting.
b.ideologicalvoting.
c.prospectivevoting.
d.retrospectivevoting.
e.sociotropicvoting.
ANSWER:c
REFERENCES:How Does the CampaignMatter?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.2 - LO10.2
57.Which type of voting requires a lot of information about candidates and issues?
a.Issuelessvoting
b.Ideologicalvoting
c.Prospectivevoting
d.Retrospectivevoting
e.Sociotropicvoting
ANSWER:c
REFERENCES:How Does the CampaignMatter?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.2 - LO10.2
58.After the 1964 election gave Democrats large majorities in Congress and thePresidency
a.they created a new cabinet level Department of Housing and UrbanDevelopment.
b.they created Medicare andMedicaid.
c.they passed a number of environmental and consumer protection laws.
d.they created a new cabinet level office, Medicare and Medicaid, environmental and consumer protection laws, and an extraordinary number of other policies.
e.None of these choices are true.
ANSWER:e
REFERENCES:The Effects of Elections onPolicy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.7 - LO10.7
59.The text suggests that elections are decidedbyvoters.
a.“clothespin”
b.ideological
c.prospective
d.retrospective
e.sociotropic
ANSWER:d
REFERENCES:How Does the CampaignMatter?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.2 - LO10.2
60.ThetextarguesthattheU.S.constitutionalsystemwasdesignedtomaketheadoptionofradicaldeparturesinpolicy
a.efficient.
b.easy.
c.impossible.
d.unnecessary.
e.difficult.
ANSWER:e
REFERENCES:The Effects of Elections onPolicy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.7 - LO10.7
61.Presidential candidates were first nominated by national conventions.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER:False
REFERENCES:Presidential Elections: Winning theNomination
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.1 - LO10.1
62.Presidential campaigning has changed drastically; and fundraising has lost its importance.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER:False
REFERENCES:Presidential Elections: Winning theNomination
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.1 - LO10.1
63.In the 1800s, most people voted straight party ticket.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER:True
REFERENCES:Presidential Elections: Winning theNomination
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.1 - LO10.1
64.Most of the money that candidates spend today is mediarelated.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER:True
REFERENCES:Presidential Elections: Winning theNomination
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.1 - LO10.1
65.Researchhasfoundthathighlyemotionaladshavethemosteffectonpeoplewhoknowtheleastaboutpolitics.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER:True
REFERENCES:How Do Voters Learn about theCandidates?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.3 - LO10.3
66.In Israel and the Netherlands, the names of candidates for the legislature do not even appear on theballot.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER:True
REFERENCES:Presidential Elections: Winning theNomination
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.1 - LO10.1
67.Voters know, generally speaking, if the country is headed on the right track or wrong track.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER:True
REFERENCES:How Does the CampaignMatter?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: AGIP.WILS.17.10.2 - LO10.2
68.Theauthorssuggestthatcampaignsfocusonassigningcreditandblameforthestateofthenation,activatinglatent
partisanship, and introducing and judging the candidates’ characters.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER:True
REFERENCES:How Does the CampaignMatter?