1. Matter Is Anything That Has Mass and Takes up Space. It Also Is Made up of Particles

Section 5.1

1. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. It also is made up of particles.

Sunlight is not matter, but energy.

2. The main points of the particle theory of matter are:

a) All matter is made up of tiny particles.

b) These particles are always moving - they have energy.

c) There are spaces among particles.

d) There are attractive forces between the particles.

e) The particles of one substance differ from the particles of other substances.

3. The kinetic energy of the particles that make up a bowling ball differ from the kinetic energy of the ball as it rolls down the lane by; when it rolls down the lane, the kinetic energy is much higher.

4. Two identical baseballs are hit with a baseball bat. One baseball is travelling at a speed of 35 m/s and the other is travelling at 23 m/s. The baseball travelling at 35 m/s has more kinetic energy.

5. A billiard ball and a Ping-Pong ball are travelling at the same speed. The billiard ball will have more kinetic energy because it has more mass.

6. "The temperature of an object is a measure of its kinetic energy."

The above statement is false and should read:

"The temperature of an object is a measure of the average kinetic energy."

7. At the beginning of this section, you saw pictures of buildings made up of Lego blocks. These were used as models of the particle theory of matter. Another way to model this could be: Marshmallows and toothpicks.

8. Rubbing your hands together makes them feel warmer because the particles in your hands start to vibrate more producing more kinetic energy causing the temperature to rise.

9. One golf ball has been lying in the sun and another one has been in the shade. The particles of the golf ball in the sun will have a larger kinetic energy because the temperature goes up with more kinetic energy.