DNA TECHNOLOGY

1.  ______is the field of science that deals with making changes in an organism’s DNA

2.  ______is the process of separating DNA from the rest of the cell

3.  ______are used to cut DNA. They are very specific and cut DNA only in specified places due to a nucleotide sequence.

4.  ______is a procedure where DNA fragments are placed in a special gel and an electric current is run through it. The current picks up the pieces and carries them through the gel. Bands are then compared to a known sample. This is used to compare samples from crime scenes to suspects (looking for a specific match), or a child to a possible family or father (looking for similarities in DNA). ______is the genetic “bank” of DNA samples from crime scenes. (“Abby, run it through CODIS” on NCIS)

5.  ______is an analysis of sections of DNA that are used to identify individuals….such as criminals, missing children, MIA soldiers, crime victims, etc. Each person has unique DNA that can be used for identification.

6.  ______is allowing only those animals or plants with desired traits to reproduce. This is how we have developed many varieties of ______etc. These are referred to as domesticated varieties.

7.  ______is the crossing of dissimilar organisms to bring together the best of both organisms.

Corn Beefalo=cow X buffalo

8.  ______is the combination of DNA from different sources. (EX> Human gene for human growth hormone is inserted into bacteria and then used to produce growth hormone used to treat growth disorders). This is the same procedure used to produce insulin for diabetics, or clotting factor for hemophiliacs: they just insert a different gene into the bacteria.

9.  ______is the term used to describe genetically modified foods.

10.  ______refers to transferring the genetic material of one cell into another cell. This can result in either a group of identical cells or a new individual, in which case it is called reproductive cloning. Dolly, a sheep produced in ______was the first cloned mammal.

11.  ______is a process in which an absent or faulty gene is replaced with a normal working gene. This has been successfully done in some cases in humans

There is a case in which Doctors recently used the aids virus to inject the cells of a girl who was dying of leukemia. The virus instructed her cells to destroy the tumors, and they did. She is now cancer free.