1. How Would the Above Quote Lead to a Holy War?

The Crusades

Byzantine Emperor Alexius Comneinius asking for help against the Muslim Turks in 1093 so they would not conquer his capital, Constantinople:

“Come then, with all your people and give battle with all your strength, so that all this treasure shall not fall into the hands of the Turks…Therefore act while there is still time lest the kingdom of the Christians shall vanish from your sight and, what is more important, the Holy Sepulchre (the tomb where Jesus was buried) shall vanish. And in your coming you will find reward in heaven, and if you do not come, God will condemn you.”

1. How would the above quote lead to a holy war?

2. What two religions are battling?

The Crusades started in 1093 and lasted for 300 years through the 11, 12 and 13th centuries.

Turn to page 382 read and then list the result of the following crusades:

First Crusade:

Second Crusade:

Third Crusade:

Fourth Crusade:

Summarize in one sentence (p 384)

Children’s Crusade

Spanish Crusade

Turn to page 386 and use Primary Sources A, B C and D to answer the following questions.

3. Using specific phrases or passages from Source A and Source C, demonstrate how their attitudes were similar.

4. What directive in Source A might have been at the root of the action described in Source B?

5. What evidence in Source D reveals the artist’s bias about the confrontation between Islam and Christianity?

Impact of the Crusades on Islamic World and Europe

From page 385

6. How did the Crusades affect European women?

7. What was the impact of the Crusades on European merchants?

8. What happened to the power of the Pope as a result of the Crusades?

9. How did the Crusades impact Muslims?

10. What happened to Christians and Jews who remained in Muslim controlled regions?

11. What happened to Jews in Europe?

12. Anything in the news recently related to this topic?