Data SheetName______
1. Determine the molar mass of sodium bicarbonate (from periodic table).
molar mass of Na______x 1 mol Na = ______
molar mass of H______x 1 mol H = ______
molar mass of C______x 1 mol C = ______
molar mass of O______x 3 mol O = ______
Sum for total molar mass______
2. Determine the number of moles of sodium bicarbonate in your sample of baking soda:
Run I
grams of sodium bicarbonate (from experiment): ______
molar mass of sodium bicarbonate (from #1 above)______
number of moles of sodium bicarbonate______
Run II
grams of sodium bicarbonate (from experiment): ______
molar mass of sodium bicarbonate (from #1 above)______
number of moles of sodium bicarbonate______
Run III (which was optional)
grams of sodium bicarbonate (from experiment): ______
molar mass of sodium bicarbonate (from #1 above)______
number of moles of sodium bicarbonate______
3. Determine the mass of acetic used in the experiment. If your vinegar is 4 %, this means that every 100 g of vinegar contains 4 g of acetic acid. (If it is 5 %, then 100 g contains 5 g of acetic acid).
Run I:
Run II:
Run III:
4. Determine the molar mass of acetic acid, C3H4O2.
molar mass of C______x 3 mol C = ______
molar mass of H______x 4 mol H = ______
molar mass of O______x 2 mol O = ______
Sum for total molar mass______
5. Determine the number of moles of acetic acid in each sample of vinegar.
Run I
grams of acetic acid (from #3 above): ______
molar mass of acetic acid (from #4 above)______
number of moles of acetic acid______
Run II
grams of acetic acid (from #3 above): ______
molar mass of acetic acid (from #4 above)______
number of moles of acetic acid______
Run III (which was optional)
grams of acetic acid (from #3 above): ______
molar mass of acetic acid (from #4 above)______
number of moles of acetic acid______
6. Determine the total mass gain or loss for the reaction by comparing your initial mass (combined mass of baking soda and vinegar) to your final mass.
Run I:Run II:Run III:
Initial total mass______Initial total mass______Initial total mass______
Final total mass______Final total mass______Final total mass______
Difference______Difference______Difference______
7. Calculate the molar mass of carbon dioxide.
molar mass of C______x 1 mol C = ______
molar mass of O______x 2 mol O = ______
Sum for total molar mass______
8. Determine the number of grams of carbon dioxide that the reaction should theoretically produce, remembering that one mole of acetic acid or sodium bicarbonate should produce one mole of carbon dioxide
Run I: moles of carbon dioxide* ______
molar mass of carbon dioxide (from #7)X______
grams of carbon dioxide (the product)______
Run II: moles of carbon dioxide* ______
molar mass of carbon dioxide (from #7)X______
grams of carbon dioxide (the product)______
Run III: moles of carbon dioxide* ______
molar mass of carbon dioxide (from #7)X______
grams of carbon dioxide (the product)______
*moles of carbon dioxide = moles of acetic acid (from #5 above)
Questions (attach answers)
- Figure out why the mass increased or decreased. Correlate this increase or decrease to the products yielded by the reaction. Does the stoichiometry of the reaction (coupled with the results of the calculations above) account for all of the mass difference? Discuss possible reasons for any discrepancies.
- In this particular example the change in mass through the course of the reaction provides evidence that a reaction is taking place. Is it necessary to have a change in mass in order to have a reaction? Can you provide an example of a reaction where no mass change would be observed?
- (Extra credit) Explain how this particular reaction might be supportive of the phlogiston theory that was popular among scie