1. Clause types, negation, and formality
Feature: c-general-typeValues
declarative-clause / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. In the English corpus, declarative-clause should be represented in a main clause or a tensed embedded clause as a sentence with SV(O) word order, with no subject-auxiliary inversion, and no wh-words.
yn-question / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. In the English corpus, yn-question should be represented in a main clause as sentence with subject-auxiliary inversion, but no wh-word. Yn-question in an embedded clause is represented with "if" or "whether".
open-question / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. In an English main clause, open-question, is a sentence with a wh-word or wh-phrase. If the gap is in subject position, there will not be subject-auxiliary inversion. If the gap is not in the matrix clause subject position, there will be subject-auxiliary inversion. In an embedded clause, open-question will correspond to a clause with a wh-word or phrase, with no subject-auxiliary inversion. Quoted clauses are the same as main clauses. Who saw the movie? (Gap in main clause subject position) What did he see? (Gap is not in main clause subject position) I asked who saw the movie. (open-question in an embedded clause) I asked what he saw. (open-question in an embedded clause) I asked, "Who did he see?"
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
1. CS Section 1.1.1
2. This feature describes the general clause type, and has only three distinctions: declarative, yes-no-question, and open question. Other features cover minor clause types and various types of clause embedding.
Feature: c-function
Values
fn-adjunct-clause / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. The clause functions as an adjunct to the main clause. See the feature c-adjunct-clause-type.
fn-main-clause / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-relative-clause / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-complement / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. This refers to embedded clauses that are not subjects, objects, or obliques. "I think that it is raining"
fn-actor / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. "That Rome destroyed Carthage pleased the emperor"
2. "Rome's destruction of Carthage pleased the emperor"
3. Skipping these for now: "I witnessed Rome's destruction of Carthage", "I thought about Rome's destruction of Carthage"
fn-quoted / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. He said, "It's raining"
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
1. CS 1.1.1
2. This feature describes the function of the clause in a sentence.
Feature: c-adjunct-clause-type
Values
adjunct-clause-type-n/a / Restrictions: 1. ~(c-function fn-adjunct-clause)
Notes:
after-main-time-db / Restrictions: 1. (c-function fn-adjunct-clause)
Notes: 1. The time of the adjunct clause event is after the time of the main clause event and the two events do not necessarily share a temporal boundary. Use "before" in English. "He ate before he left" -- leaving is after eating and there could be time between the two events.
after-main-time-sb / Restrictions: 1. (c-function fn-adjunct-clause)
Notes: 1. The time of the event in the adjunct clause is after the time of the event in the main clause and the two events share a temporal boundary. Use "until" in English. "He studied until he left" No time between studying and leaving.
before-main-time-db / Restrictions: 1. (c-function fn-adjunct-clause)
Notes: 1. Use "after" in English. "He ate after he left."
before-main-time-sb / Restrictions: 1. (c-function fn-adjunct-clause)
Notes: 1. Use "immediately after" in English. (This isn't a great rendering of the intended meaning.) "He ate immediately after studying" We could also consider "He ran (began running) when he saw her" using a perfective verb in the main clause.
same-as-main-time / Restrictions: 1. (c-function fn-adjunct-clause)
Notes: 1. Use "while" in English. "He ate while he studied."
cause-of-main / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. Use "because" in English
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
1. The value of this feature is only defined if c-function is fn-adjunct-clause. Otherwise, the value of this feature is n/a.
2. We have a relatively short list of adjunct clause types including a few temporal relations and one rhetorical relation (cause).
Feature: c-secondary-type
Values
secondary-impersonal / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. Use "one" in English because it is less ambiguous than impersonal "you" or "they". "One does not eat peas with a knife."
secondary-neutral / Restrictions:
Notes:
secondary-existential / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. There are problems.
secondary-copula / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. She is a doctor.
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
1. CS 1.1.1
2. We have separated secondary types from minor types. Secondary types can occur in embedded clauses, have a variety of tenses, can be negated, etc. Minor types are more restricted.
Feature: c-minor-type
Values
minor-n/a / Restrictions:
Notes:
minor-imperative / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. "Wash the dishes"
minor-surprise-disbelief / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. Why do such a thing? Him, a doctor? You ate the whole thing?
minor-exclamation / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. What a nice book!
minor-wish / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. would that he lives; let him be alive; if only he were here
minor-lamenting / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. If only he hadnt done that.
minor-promise / Restrictions:
Notes:
minor-offer / Restrictions:
Notes:
minor-request-action / Restrictions:
Notes:
minor-threaten / Restrictions:
Notes:
minor-warn / Restrictions:
Notes:
minor-desiderative / Restrictions:
Notes:
minor-performative / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. added temporarily
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
1. These occur in main clauses. The tense can't be changed. Some can't be negated, etc.
2. CS 1.15 Minor sentence types
Feature: c-copula-type
Values
copula-n/a / Restrictions:
Notes:
copula-role / Restrictions:
Notes:
copula-identity / Restrictions:
Notes:
copula-location / Restrictions:
Notes:
copula-description / Restrictions:
Notes:
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
Feature: c-polarity
Values
polarity-positive / Restrictions:
Notes:
polarity-negative / Restrictions:
Notes:
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
1. Stick to the two obvious values of polarity for now.
Section Notes
2. Discourse setting/Speaker-hearer features
Feature: c-power-relationshipValues
power-superior / Restrictions:
Notes:
power-inferior / Restrictions:
Notes:
power-peer / Restrictions:
Notes:
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
1. This refers to the role of the hearer, not to the role of a third person.
2. CS 2.1.2.1.9, page 39, with respect to pronouns. Tribal, sectional, or family relationships of the referents: Tribal, sectional, or family relationships of the speaker or hearer to the referents
3. There are a lot more social features that influence formality, but let's stick to these for now.
4. Formality is pretty serious for languages that mark it (e.g., Japanese, Balinese), but it is pretty insignificant for languages that don't mark it. So we should try to catch this early on in navigation.
5. CS 2.1.2.1.12, page 39 With respect to pronouns: familiar neutral honorific WLF: Might find that third person is used for second person formal; titles or other nouns are used instead of pronouns in formal situations, etc.
Feature: c-solidarity
Values
solidarity-neutral / Restrictions:
Notes:
solidarity-positive / Restrictions:
Notes:
solidarity-negative / Restrictions:
Notes:
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
1. This refers to the role of the hearer, not to the role of a third person.
Section Notes
3. Basic NP features
Feature: np-general-typeValues
common-noun-type / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. default
pronoun-type / Restrictions:
Notes:
proper-noun-type / Restrictions:
Notes:
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
Feature: np-person
Values
person-first / Restrictions:
Notes:
person-second / Restrictions:
Notes:
person-third / Restrictions:
Notes:
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
1. CS 2.1.2.1.2, page 37
Feature: np-number
Values
num-sg / Restrictions:
Notes:
num-pl / Restrictions:
Notes:
num-dual / Restrictions:
Notes:
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
1. Additional values of number: trial, quadral, paucal. We will ignore these for now.
2. Encourage alternate translations to see if number is optional on pronouns, also the categories might overlap (e.g., plural or dual can be used for two people). (Notes for analysis of data: CS, 2.1.2.4.1 page 38, seem to imply that some combinations of numbers are more expected than others.)
Feature: np-biological-gender
Values
bio-gender-male / Restrictions: 1. (np-animacy anim-human or anim-animal)
Notes:
bio-gender-female / Restrictions: 1. (np animacy anim-human or anim-animal)
Notes:
bio-gender-n/a / Restrictions: 1. (np-animacy anim-inanimate)
Notes:
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
Feature: np-animacy
Values
anim-human / Restrictions:
Notes:
anim-animal / Restrictions:
Notes:
anim-inanimate / Restrictions:
Notes:
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
Feature: np-info-function
Values
info-old / Restrictions:
Notes:
info-new / Restrictions:
Notes:
info-neutral / Restrictions:
Notes:
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
Feature: np-alienability
Values
alienability-neutral / Restrictions:
Notes:
inalienable-family / Restrictions: 1. only with (np-function fn-possessor)
Notes:
inalienable-body / Restrictions: 1. only with (np-function fn-possessor)
Notes:
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
Feature: np-identifiability
Values
identifiability-neutral / Restrictions:
Notes:
identifiable / Restrictions:
Notes:
unidentifiable / Restrictions:
Notes:
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
Feature: np-specificity
Values
specificity-neutral / Restrictions:
Notes:
specific / Restrictions:
Notes:
not-specific / Restrictions:
Notes:
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
Feature: np-function
Values
fn-actor / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-undergoer / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-possessor / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-recipient / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-beneficiary / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-instrumental / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-locative / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-predicate-nominal / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-other-adjunct / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-malefactive / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-source / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-negative-instrumental / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-comitative / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-negative-comitative / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-circumstance / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-quality / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-negative-quality / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-reference-quality / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-quantity / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-material / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-negative-material / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-manner / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-negative-manner / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-cause / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-purpose / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-function / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-reference / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-essive / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-translative / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-price / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-value / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-distance / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-extent / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-concessive / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-inclusion / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-exclusion / Restrictions:
Notes:
fn-addition / Restrictions:
Notes:
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
1. Included semantic roles that are known to be syntactically active.
2. Couldn't use subject and object because we don't know if the voice comes out the same in the elicited language. Actor and Undergoer are terms from Foley and Van Valin, roughly corresponding to Dowty's proto-agent and proto-patient, or to PropBank arg0 and arg1.
Feature: np-distance
Values
distance-neutral / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. indicates there is no demonstrative
distance-near / Restrictions:
Notes:
distance-far / Restrictions:
Notes:
distance-very-far / Restrictions:
Notes:
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
1. This is for eliciting demonstrative pronouns and determiners. According to CS, the following should all be checked to see whether a near or far pronoun is used. Inflection of demonstrative pronouns (CS 2.1.2.5, page 44) Relative distance from speaker: near very near middle far very far Relative distance from hearer: near very near middle far very far relative distance from speaker and hearer: near very near middle far very far equidistant from speaker and hearer contact with speaker contact with hearer behind speaker behind hearer between speaker and hearer on the other side of speaker from hearer on the other side of hearer from speaker equidistant from speaker and some object equidistant from hearer and some object on the other side of some object from speaker on the other side of some object from hearer inside some object outside some object near some object vertical or other spatial orientation with respect to speaker, hearer, or other reference point. higher, level, lower visible/invisible to speaker to hearer to speaker and hearer to some other person known/unknown to speaker to hearer to speaker and hearer to some other person referred to in previous discourse neutral relative time lapse: recent, non-recent non-relative time: present, past, future, etc. Some demonstratives might have different meanings. E.g., a distant demonstrative might mean "out of sight". There may be some iconicity (e.g., reduplication) for distance.) There may be separate pronominal and adjectival forms. CS 2.1.2.5.8, page 46)
Section Notes
4. Pronouns
Feature: np-pronoun-exclusivityValues
inclusivity-n/a / Restrictions:
Notes:
pronoun-include-second-person / Restrictions: 1. (np-person person-first) and (np-number num-pl)
Notes: 1. We, including you
pronoun-exclude-second-person / Restrictions: 1. (np-person person-first) and (np-number num-pl)
Notes: 1. We, excluding you
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
1. CS 2.1.2.1.3, page 37
2. WLF: inclusive and exclusive inclusive only exclusive only inclusive, exclusive, general inclusive and general exclusive and general general only
3. WLF: CS 2.1.2.1.19, page 41 say that some languages have a method of stating the precise composition of the referents of a non-singular pronoun, either by compounding pronouns or using affixes.
Section Notes
1. This overlaps with some other sections, e.g., anaphora
2. CS 2.1.1, page 36
3. Collective and Distributive (for non-singulars) Not doing this for now
4. All possible referents vs subset (for non-singular) (CS 2.1.2.1.4.8, page 39) e.g., To the LTI: Do you (pl) teach machine translation? (not everyone teaches MT) Not doing this for now.
5. Emphatic Pronouns (CS 2.1.2.1.15, page 40) degree of emphasis selective emphatics we, but especially I you (pl), but especially you (sg.) they, but especially s/he Not doing this for now.
6. Pronoun plus noun: (CS 2.1.2.1.17, page 40) Pullum and Huddleston call these determiners in English. we firemen which pronouns is this possible for? Pronoun plus number: we two (men) Not doing this for now.
7. Gender or noun classes. Only biological gender for now. When we get a list of noun classes, we can do a random variation.
8. Spot check semantic role list (or go through it thoroughly to see what case is assigned by each preposition). Do this later.
9. Tense and other verbal categories: (CS 2.1.2.1.11, page 39) Does the pronoun agree with the verb in tense? Not doing this now.
10. Anaphoric vs. non-anaphoric third person pronouns (CS 2.1.2.1.7, page 39) Clashes with natural gender? Not doing this now.
11. WLF: CS 2.1.2.1.16, page 40, complex pronouns with a combination of different types of reference, e.g., subject and object. Don't understand this.
12. Clefts and pseudoclefts: (CS 2.1.2.1.1.3.6, page 37) Do they mean in the clefted position or in dummy position?
13. From CS: Encourage alternative translations to determinite whether pronouns are obligatory, optional, zero, or non-existent. Elicit in non-emphatic, non-contrastive contexts first.
14. For pronouns, CS seem to imply (2.1.2.1.12.3, page 40) that you have to check everything over again (person, number, tribal status, obviation, etc.) for formal situations.
5. Locative, Temporal, and Adverbial Roles
Feature: temp-at-timeValues
at-time-of-day / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. at 7:00
at-period-of-day / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. in the afternoon, at night, (need to try all of them?)
at-n/a / Restrictions:
Notes:
at-day-of-week / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. on Monday
at-month-of-year / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. in January
at-year / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. in 1976
at-festival / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. at Christmas, during Christmas
at-seasons / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. in (the) Spring
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
1. From CS
2. Make a full sentence for each of these.
Feature: temp-frequentive
Values
freq-time-of-day / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. every day at 7:00
freq-n/a / Restrictions:
Notes:
freq-period-of-day / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. in the afternoons, in the evenings, *at nights
freq-day-of-week / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. on Mondays
freq-period-of-week / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. on Weekends
freq-month-of-year / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. *in Januaries, every January
freq-year / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. not sure what was intended here: every year????
freq-festivals / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. *in Christmases, every Christmas?, at Christmas
freq-seasons / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. *in Springs, in the Spring, every Spring?
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
1. How about every week, every day, every month, etc.
Feature: temp-other-relations
Values
temp-rln-n/a / Restrictions:
Notes:
temp-rln-punctual-future / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. I'll be back in two hours.
temp-rln-punctual-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. I was here two hours ago.
temp-rln-duration / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. I lived there for two years. I arrived for a week.
temp-rln-anterior-duration-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. Nothing happened until Monday.
temp-rln-anterior-duration-fut / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. Nothing is going to happen until Monday.
temp-rln-posterior-duration-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. Nothing has happened since Monday.
temp-rln-posterior-duration-fut / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. I'll be there after Monday. I'll be here from Monday on.
temp-rln-anterior-general / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. I've been here previous to Monday.
temp-rln-posterior-general / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. I'll be here subsequent to Monday.
temp-rln-point-in-period-pst / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. He has been here within the last two hours. I've had five calls in the last hour. I've had five calls in an hour.
temp-rln-point-in-period-future / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. Be back within (the next) two hours.
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
Feature: adverbial-other-roles
Values
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
1. Adverbials: (CS 1.2.1.3, page 16)
2. Manner: e.g., quickly, easily Time: yesterday Propositional: certainly, probably Frequentive: never, seldom, frequently, always
Feature: loc-roles
Values
loc-general-at / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. at
loc-general-to / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. to
loc-general-from / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. from
loc-general-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. past
loc-proximate-at / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. near (to)
loc-proximate-to / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. near
loc-proximate-from / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. from near
loc-proximate-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. near
loc-interior-at / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. in, inside
loc-interior-to / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. in, into
loc-interior-from / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. out of, out from
loc-interior-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. through
loc-exterior-at / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. outside
loc-exterior-to / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. up to
loc-exterior-from / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. away from
loc-exterior-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. past
loc-anterior-at / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. in front of
loc-anterior-to / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. in front of
loc-anterior-from / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. from in front of
loc-anterior-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. in front of
loc-posterior-at / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. behind
loc-posterior-to / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. behind
loc-posterior-from / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. from behind
loc-posterior-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. behind
loc-superior-at / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. above, over
loc-superior-to / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. above
loc-superior-from / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. from above
loc-superior-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. over
loc-superior-contact-at / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. on
loc-superior-contact-to / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. on, onto
loc-superior-contact-from / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. off
loc-superior-contact-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. over
loc-surface-at / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. on
loc-surface-to / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. on, onto
loc-surface-from / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. off
loc-surface-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. over, across
loc-inferior-at / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. below, under
loc-inferior-to / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. below, under
loc-inferior-from / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. from under
loc-inferior-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. under
loc-inferior-contact-at / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. under
loc-inferior-contact-to / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. under
loc-inferior-contact-from / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. from under
loc-inferior-contact-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. under
loc-lateral-at / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. beside
loc-lateral-to / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. beside
loc-lateral-from / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. from beside
loc-lateral-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. past
loc-lateral-contact-at / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. on
loc-lateral-contact-to / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. on, onto
loc-lateral-contact-from / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. off
loc-lateral-contact-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. over, along
loc-citerior-at / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. on this side of
loc-citerior-to / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. to this side of
loc-citerior-from / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. from this side of
loc-citerior-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. on this side of
loc-citerior-contact-at / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. on this side of
loc-citerior-contact-to / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. to this side of
loc-citerior-contact-from / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. from this side of
loc-citerior-contact-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. on this side of
loc-ulterior-at / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. beyond
loc-ulterior-to / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. beyond
loc-ulterior-from / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. from beyond
loc-ulterior-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. beyond
loc-ulterior-contact-at / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. on the other side of
loc-ulterior-contact-to / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. across
loc-ulterior-contact-from / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. from across
loc-ulterior-contact-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. on the other side of
loc-medial-2-at / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. between
loc-medial-2-to / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. between
loc-medial-2-from / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. from between
loc-medial-2-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. between
loc-medial-3-at / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. among
loc-medial-3-to / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. among
loc-medial-3-from / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. from from among
loc-medial-3-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. through
loc-circumferential-at / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. around (LL)
loc-circumferential-from / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. from around
loc-circumferential-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. round
loc-citerior-anterior-at / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. opposite
loc-citerior-anterior-to / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. opposite
loc-citerior-anterior-from / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. from opposite
loc-citerior-anterior-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. on the other side?
loc-interior-long-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. through, along
loc-exterior-long-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. past, along
loc-superior-long-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. along (above)
loc-superior-contact-long-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. along (on top of)
loc-surface-long-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. along
loc-inferior-long-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. along (under)
loc-inferior-contact-long-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. along (under)
loc-interior-perp-long-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. through, across
loc-superior-perp-long-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. over
loc-superior-contact-perp-long-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. over
loc-surface-perp-long-past / Restrictions:
Notes: 1. across
Feature Restrictions
Feature Notes
1. CS's Table of motion and location, page 31-32
2. Column 1: at rest Column 2: motion to Column 3: motion from Column 4: motion past
3. Rows: general proximate interior exterior anterior posterior superior superior-contact surface inferior inferior-contact lateral-lateral-contact citerior citerior-contact ulterior ulterior-contact medial-2 medial-3 circumferential citerior-anterior? interior-long exterior-long superior-long surfacte-long inferior-long inferior-contact-long interior-perp-to-long superior-perp-to-long superior-contact-perp-to-long surface-perp-to-long
Section Notes
1. (Notes for analysis of data: Where can these occur in the sentence? Check whether some types can occur in different places than other types: e.g., in English, propositional adverbs can occur before or after VP, but not inside VP) (CS, 1.2.1.3.3 page 17, ask whether adverbials are obligatory in any constructions. They may be thinking of English middles "The bread cuts easily", or maybe if tense is underspecified on verbs, adverbs may be required.)