______theories hold that certain actions or practices are inherently right or wrong.
1. C. Deontological
2. D. they stem from a lack of education.
3. D. exposure to significant harm without prior consent.
4. A. the right to the pursuit of happiness.
5. A. public harms of aggregation.
6. C. Practitioner problems
7.A. distributive justices
8. D. the projected harmful consequences are below a set quantitative threshold and are greatly outweighed by their positive counterparts.
9. A. technology.
10. C. a way to increase our standard of living by generating more income.
11. A. Homeostasis
12. C. intransparence
13. C. its influence on all humans throughout the 21st century is still unknown.
14. D. Short-term and long-term values are often different and contradictory.
15. C. 75%
16. B. in 1994.
17. C. Inadvertent death in humans
18. D. All of the above
19. C. Ethical behavior inevitably produces an economic cost to a firm.
20. D. the Challenger was sent into space at warmer temperatures.
According to the textbook, there is a finite amount of time that our civilization can exist based on which of the following?
/ A. Our civilization is based on non-renewable resources./ B. Our production of nuclear weapons will lead to mass destruction.
/ C. At the present birth and death rates, our population will outgrow its capacity to feed itself.
/ D. Plagues and diseases from non-industrialized countries will kill the population.
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Question 2 of 20
/ 5.0 PointsBehind the United States, the world's second largest emitter of energy-related emissions is:
/ A. Mexico./ B. China.
/ C. The Soviet Union.
/ D. Europe.
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Question 3 of 20
/ 5.0 PointsIn the year 2000, fossil fuels accounted for ______of energy use while new renewable sources accounted for only ______.
/ A. 50%; 12%/ B. 70%; 5%
/ C. 77%; 2%
/ D. 97%; 3%
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Question 4 of 20
/ 5.0 PointsWhich of the following regions has the largest crude oil and natural gas reserves?
/ A. North America/ B. Central and South America
/ C. Europe
/ D. Middle East
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Question 5 of 20
/ 5.0 PointsAccording to the textbook, the world adds about ______of CO2 to the atmosphere from fossil fuel combustion each year, whereas sustainable, stable amounts would be about ______.
/ A. 6 billion tons; 1 billion/ B. 4 million tons; 1 billion
/ C. 8 billion tons; 3 billion
/ D. 4 billion tons; 6 billion
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Question 6 of 20
/ 5.0 PointsIn 2006 the global oil prices reached slightly above ______a barrel.
/ A. $98/ B. $88
/ D. $78
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Question 7 of 20
/ 5.0 PointsThe advantages of ______as an energy source are that it is abundant, versatile, and inexpensive compared with other energy sources.
/ A. coal/ B. hydroelectric power
/ C. solar power
/ D. crude oil
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Question 8 of 20
/ 5.0 PointsWhich of the following fossil fuels can make a significant contribution towards improving air quality if employed into the transportation sector?
/ A. Crude Oil/ B. Coal
/ C. Natural gas
/ D. Solar power
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Question 9 of 20
/ 5.0 PointsDuring the 1990s, wind power grew at a rate of ______while solar energy grew at a rate of ______.
/ A. 36%; 27%/ B. 26%; 17%
/ C. 17%; 26%
/ D. 27%; 36%
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Question 10 of 20
/ 5.0 PointsNuclear energy provides about ______of electricity in the United States.
/ A. 10%/ B. 15%
/ C. 19%
/ D. 25%
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Question 11 of 20
/ 5.0 PointsThe world's first large-scale nuclear power plant began operations in:
/ A. 1947./ B. 1957.
/ C. 1967.
/ D. 1977.
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Question 12 of 20
/ 5.0 PointsThe Yucca mountain nuclear waste repository (proposed in 1988 to be located in Nevada) will not offer permanent storage of nuclear waste until at least:
– It was permanently closed; 2017 was the original projected date
/ A. 2017./ B. 2027.
/ C. 2037.
/ D. It began storing waste in 2007.
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Question 13 of 20
/ 5.0 PointsAccording to Michael Renner, the main objective of the war in Iraq is:
/ A. to Liberate Iraq./ B. to maintain a cheaper supply of oil.
/ C. because President Bush wanted to punish President Saddam Hussain.
/ D. for unidentified political advancements.
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Question 14 of 20
/ 5.0 PointsWhich of the following power technologies has the highest fuel (thermal) efficiency?
/ A. Fuel cell/ B. Steam electric power plant
/ C. Nuclear electric power
/ D. Gas turbine electric power plant
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Question 15 of 20
/ 5.0 PointsAccording to the textbook, Iceland's proposed hydrogen economy is driven by all of the following EXCEPT:
/ A. recent developments in hydrogen fuel cells./ B. the movement to combat global climate change.
/ C. concerns over the price and supply of oil.
/ D. ethnic pride.
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Question 16 of 20
/ 5.0 PointsAll of the following processes are used in biomass energy technology EXCEPT:
/ A. radiation./ B. combustion.
/ C. gasification.
/ D. pyrolysis.
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Question 17 of 20
/ 5.0 PointsThe technology that converts solar radiation into electricity is called ______energy.
/ A. fossil fuel/ B. hydroelectric
/ C. nuclear
/ D. photo-voltaic
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Question 18 of 20
/ 5.0 PointsOne advantage of hydroelectric power generation is:
/ A. the production of high-level chemical waste but no greenhouse gases./ B. very high efficiency converting water to electrical energy.
/ C. a wide range of sites for plant construction.
/ D. low construction costs.
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Question 19 of 20
/ 5.0 PointsWhich of the following is NOT a disadvantage of hydroelectric power generation?
/ A. Dam construction causes loss of land suitable for agriculture./ B. Dam construction prevents upstream migration of fish.
/ C. Downstream water flow becomes unpredictable and creates extreme conditions.
/ D. Drought conditions can affect power production.
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Question 20 of 20
/ 5.0 PointsThe biggest roadblock for electric cars is:
/ A. storing the electricity needed to run them./ B. the inefficiency of the electric motor.
/ C. the lack of usable prototypes.
/ D. low-volume production.
Question 1 of 20 / 5.0 Points
The study of ecology focuses specifically on:
/ A. the world that is all around us.
/ B. the world of living things in our planet.
/ C. the mutual relationship between organisms and the natural world.
/ D. anything having to do with life.
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Question 2 of 20 / 5.0 Points
According to the text, by 2050, it is believed that ______of the earth's species will become extinct if rain forest destruction continues.
/ A. 6%
/ B. 14%
/ C. 25%
/ D. 50%
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Question 3 of 20 / 5.0 Points
Wetlands are important for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
/ A. they provide local habitats for many species of animals and plants.
/ B. one-third of endangered or threatened species in the U.S. live in or are dependent on them.
/ C. they harbor the majority of the world's flowering species.
/ D. they provide purification of local water supplies.
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Question 4 of 20 / 5.0 Points
The percentage of China's rivers that were severely polluted in 2000 was ______; in 2002 it was ______.
/ A. 12%; 20%
/ B. 22%; 51%
/ C. 32%; 65%
/ D. 42%; 71%
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Question 5 of 20 / 5.0 Points
The United States is responsible for ______of the world's total energy consumption.
/ A. 15%
/ B. 25%
/ C. 35%
/ D. 45%
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Question 6 of 20 / 5.0 Points
According to the article "The Grim Payback of Greed" our level of consumerism:
/ A. is essentially a creation of the 20th century.
/ B. has declined in the West but is growing rapidly in developing countries.
/ C. is highly correlated with reported levels of happiness.
/ D. is tied to our vast wealth, and to forces in the modern world that encourage people to act on their consumption desires.
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Question 7 of 20 / 5.0 Points
Indirectly, the "meat-eating quarter of humanity" consumes nearly ______of the world's grain.
/ A. 15%
/ B. 20%
/ C. 40%
/ D. 50%
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Question 8 of 20 / 5.0 Points
According to the National Academy of Sciences, the Earth's surface temperature has risen about ______in the past century.
/ A. 1%
/ B. 5%
/ C. 10%
/ D. 12%
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Question 9 of 20 / 5.0 Points
According to the textbook, an individual's most important decision that will effect the climate is:
/ A. the choice to unplug an extra freezer that is rarely used.
/ B. looking for the Energy Star on new appliances.
/ C. selecting a fuel efficient automobile.
/ D. planting a tree.
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Question 10 of 20 / 5.0 Points
Which of the following was NOT a founding principle of the Kyoto Protocol?
/ A. Scientific uncertainty must not be used to avoid precautionary action.
/ B. Nations must have common but differentiated responsibilities.
/ C. All nations must be included in the contract for it to work.
/ D. Industrial nations must take the lead in addressing the problem.
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Question 11 of 20 / 5.0 Points
The article "Young at Risk" proposes that the young of humans and animals are more vulnerable to chemical pollutant exposure due to all of the following reasons EXCEPT that:
/ A. their brains are less sensitive than those of mature humans and animals.
/ B. the young eat and breathe more for their body weights than adults, so they get bigger proportional doses of external pollutants.
/ C. accumulated dioxin slows action to the immune system.
/ D. they will be getting about 50 times the exposure of an adult during critical developmental stages.
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Question 12 of 20 / 5.0 Points
The central problem in the international fishing industry is:
/ A. "poaching" by foreign vessels in the territorial waters of small nations.
/ B. laws restricting fishing in waters with the most abundant fish populations.
/ C. the decline in fish populations due to over-fishing, pollution, and habitat destruction.
/ D. a lack of enforcement of the Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act.
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Question 13 of 20 / 5.0 Points
The reauthorization of the Magnuson Act in 1996 focused on all of the following EXCEPT:
/ A. overfishing.
/ B. funding.
/ C. air quality.
/ D. habitat degradation.
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Question 14 of 20 / 5.0 Points
According to the text, problems associated with the Endangered Species Act include all of the following EXCEPT:
/ A. its use as a "last-chance" approach to saving endangered species.
/ B. the creation of conflict between individual property owners and government regulations concerning species.
/ C. a lack of public support for the Act.
/ D. ill-defined categories concerning the level of threat posed by human activities to individual species.
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Question 15 of 20 / 5.0 Points
Aside from lead, the two air pollutants most hazardous to human health are:
/ A. sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide.
/ B. ozone and sulfur dioxide.
/ C. ozone and fine airborne particulates.
/ D. nitrous oxides and carbon monoxide.
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Question 16 of 20 / 5.0 Points
Which of the following is an ingredient of acid rain?
/ A. Lead
/ B. Nitrogen dioxide
/ C. VOCs
/ D. Ozone
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Question 17 of 20 / 5.0 Points
The process of searching for new natural medicines is called:
/ A. drug testing.
/ B. bioprospecting.
/ C. FDA approval seeking.
/ D. curative compounding.
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Question 18 of 20 / 5.0 Points
The economic value of the rain forest is based upon all of the following EXCEPT:
/ A. plants that potentially contain the basis for new medicines.
/ B. its value as a source of raw materials.
/ C. its value as a food source.
/ D. its value as a fossil fuel source.
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Question 19 of 20 / 5.0 Points
In considering the origins of the top 150 drugs in the United States, ______origins account for the greates percentage of drugs.
/ A. synthetic
/ B. animal
/ C. plant
/ D. marine
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Question 20 of 20 / 5.0 Points
The central problems mentioned in the case study concerning the Love Canal include all of the following EXCEPT that:
/ A. developers and the school board knew about the chemical dump, but proceeded anyway.
/ B. individual citizens are powerless to make a difference in situations concerning waste dumping.
/ C. there are chemical dumps around the U.S. and the world which are annually increasing. Improved safe dumping and developing/ building standards need to be carefully created and monitored for safety of citizenry.
/ D. there are many heavily concentrated chemical dumps close to the Niagara River and such leaching and damage to the environment similar to Love Canal could easily again happen.
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uestion 1 of 20 / 5.0 Points
The company that put the "stealth" in the stealth bomber was: fyi- I believe that Northrup is the best answer however it was actually developed by Northrup Grumman.
/ A. Lockheed Martin./ B. Grumman.
/ C. Northrup.
/ D. Boeing.
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Question 2 of 20 / 5.0 PointsAn institution which controls the shape, price, use, and availability of a technology is called a:
/ A. sponsor./ B. Dominant Regulator.
/ C. Monopolistic Maker.
/ D. distributer.
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Question 3 of 20 / 5.0 PointsIf a company produces something and is able to dominate the market as a result, that company would be called:
/ A. a sponsor./ B. a Dominant Client.
/ C. a Monopolistic Maker.
/ D. a manufacturer.
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Question 4 of 20 / 5.0 PointsWhen was the tank first used in combat?
/ A. World War II/ B. World War I
/ C. Korea
/ D. Vietnam
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Question 5 of 20 / 5.0 PointsThe name of the first tank was the:
/ A. Mark I (or M-1)./ B. T-72.
/ C. M-60.
/ D. Nautilus.
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Question 6 of 20 / 5.0 PointsThe M1A1 Abrams tank was used with great success in:
/ A. World War II./ B. Vietnam.
/ C. The Cold War.
/ D. The Gulf War.
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Question 7 of 20 / 5.0 PointsThe next generation of armored vehicles will be called:
/ A. IEDs./ B. CIDs.
/ C. IAVs.
/ D. ADCs.
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Question 8 of 20 / 5.0 PointsThe next generation of stealth aircraft is the:
/ A. X-15./ B. A-10.
/ C. F-22.
/ D. B-52.
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Question 9 of 20 / 5.0 PointsThe project designed to clothe soldiers in order to fight the wars of tomorrow is called:
/ A. Future Soldier 2025./ B. Situational Awareness.
/ C. Star Wars.
/ D. Land Warrior.
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Question 10 of 20 / 5.0 Points______was a herbicide used by the United States during the Vietnam War to deprive Viet Cong and North Vietnamese troops of food, shelter, and camoflage.
/ A. DDT/ B. Mustard gas
/ C. Agent Orange
/ D. Anthrax
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Question 11 of 20 / 5.0 PointsAccording to the FDA antibiotic resistance occurs because:
/ A. antibiotics are administered to patients in smaller doses than recommended by healthcare and federal organizations./ B. patients do not finish the entire bottle of medication prescribed to them and the bacterial strain becomes stronger and more resistant to antibiotics.
/ C. antibiotics are administered for bacterial infections, which do not respond to antibiotics.
/ D. the drug companies are not making the drugs strong enough due to previous lawsuits.
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Question 12 of 20 / 5.0 PointsSome turkey and chicken products contain ______which increases the risk of human infection from bacteria that medications on the market will not easily kill. It is the most common bacterial cause of diarrhea illness in the United States.
/ A. campylobacter/ B. monobacter
/ C. cylobacter
/ D. bactercilo
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Question 13 of 20 / 5.0 PointsThe FDA states that about ______percent of the bacteria that cause infections in hospitals are resistant to at least one of the drugs most commonly used to treat infections.
/ A. 50%/ B. 60%
/ C. 70%
/ D. 80%
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Question 14 of 20 / 5.0 PointsBayer was an early proponent of amphetamines and brought the world two blockbuster commercial winners: aspirin and:
/ A. morphine./ B. heroin.
/ C. cocaine.
/ D. diabetic drugs.
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Question 15 of 20 / 5.0 PointsIn the mid-1970s, pharmaceutical companies saw that the solution to the uncertainty of an ill clientele was to:
/ A. develop drugs for well people, who not only remain employed but never get "better."/ B. develop stronger drugs for sick people because the market is sympathetic towards sick people.
/ C. create safer drugs because too many people were suing the pharmaceutical companies.
/ D. develop weaker drugs so that people would remain ill and continue to take the drugs.
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Question 16 of 20 / 5.0 PointsOriginally ______were defined as drugs advertised only to doctors and pharmacists, but not to potential patients.
/ A. all drugs/ B. amphetamines
/ C. "ethical drugs"
/ D. barbiturates
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Question 17 of 20 / 5.0 PointsDrugs that treat diseases such as Alzheimer's, depression, schizophrenia, and aging were tested by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratories on:
/ A. fruit flies./ B. guinia pigs.
/ C. rabbits.
/ D. monkies.
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Question 18 of 20 / 5.0 PointsThe asymptomatic period of HIV may last ______years or longer in a country like the United States, though the infection can progress to AIDS in as little as ______years in a country like Zimbabwe or India, where the percentage of people who can get full treatment and care is much smaller.
/ A. 10; 2 to 3/ B. 7; 1 to 2
/ C. 9; 3 to 4
/ D. 8; 3 to 5
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Question 19 of 20 / 5.0 PointsAbout ______of HIV transmission worldwide is through unprotected sex.
/ A. 56%/ B. 64%
/ C. 75%
/ D. 33%
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Question 20 of 20 / 5.0 PointsThe recent upsurge in medical costs, combined with advances in technology, is now making ______a reality.
/ A. neural "hardwiring"/ B. telemedicine
/ C. gene therapy
/ D. genetic testing
Question 1 of 20 5.0 Points
According to the textbook, ______of the world's population resides in developing countries.
A. 40%
B. 60%
C. 70%
D. 80%
Question 2 of 20 5.0 Points
The term ______was supposed to represent communist countries of Eastern Europe, but the term never caught on.
A. First World
B. Second World
C. Fourth World
D. Soviet Bloc
Question 3 of 20 5.0 Points
In 1952, who coined the phrase "Third World"?
A. Albert Einstein
B. Alfred Sauvey
C. Richard Nixon
D. John Kennedy
Question 4 of 20 5.0 Points
Which of the following was NOT a demand of the "Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of States," passed by the U.N. General Assembly in 1974?
A. Transnational corporations must be regulated
B. Economic aid from rich to poor countries should be increased
C. Technology should be transferred from rich to poor
D. Natural resources must remain in developing countries
Question 5 of 20 5.0 Points
The term LLCD represents ______countries.
A. first world
B. second world
C. least developed
D. technologically advanced
Question 6 of 20 5.0 Points
To eradicate extreme poverty and hunger, achieve universal primary education, promote gender equality and empower women, and reduce child mortality are among the self-stated goals of the:
A. WTO.
B. MDG.
C. UNDP.
D. World Bank.
Question 7 of 20 5.0 Points
In the article "Income Gap Widens," Hal Kane suggests that uneven income distribution influences all of the following EXCEPT:
A. migration.
B. crime rates.
C. the growth of cities.
D. birth rates.
Question 8 of 20 5.0 Points
The single largest environmental concern in Bangladesh is:
A. clean drinking water.
B. clean air.
C. lack of good soil for crop production.
D. acid rain from nearby countries.
Question 9 of 20 5.0 Points
According to your textbook, scientists are discovering that ______is(are) currently a significant environmental problem especially in the coutries of Bangladesh, India, China, and other Asian countries.
A. laser technologies
B. cyclones
C. underground earthquakes
D. arsenic poisioning
Question 10 of 20 5.0 Points
According to your textbook, the reason that China has produced more grain every year than the United States has produced (since 1986) is:
A. China has more people who can grow grain.
B. China wants to be able to feed more people than the U.S. does.
C. China has more irrigated land available for grain production than the U.S. does.
D. the U.S. is more concerned about technology than about growing grain.
Question 11 of 20 5.0 Points
______is one of the few major indicators for which the ratio of production between the U.S. and China reflects the ratio of population size.
A. Bicycle production
B. Meat consumption
C. Automobile production
D. Fertilizer use
Question 12 of 20 5.0 Points
In Pakistan, recycling has been implemented for ______reasons.
A. environmental
B. health
C. economic
D. aesthetic
Question 13 of 20 5.0 Points
Approximately ______of Pakistan's demand for glass is met through recycling locally generated glass waste.
A. 30%
B. 50%
C. 80%
D. 90%
Question 14 of 20 5.0 Points
InPakistan about ______of reusable waste is recycled.
A. 40-50%
B. 50-60%
C. 60-70%
D. 70-80%
Question 15 of 20 5.0 Points
According to the textbook, in 2004 in Equador the Internet was accessible to ______of every 100 people.
A. 4
B. 10
C. 25
D. 40
Question 16 of 20 5.0 Points
According to the UNDP statistics (2004) the per capita income of Ecuador was about ______per year.
A. $2,500
B. $3,500
C. $4,500
D. $5,500
Question 17 of 20 5.0 Points
All of the following are true about distance learning EXCEPT:
A. can help narrow the techno-economic gap between the developed and developing nations.
B. is affordable only in First World countries that have highly advanced technologies.
C. overcomes geographic barriers to allow face-to-face communication between students and teachers.
D. offers a unique approach to promote literacy and enhance higher education in a cost effective way.
Question 18 of 20 5.0 Points
On April 6, 1994 the presidents of Rwanda and Burundi died in a plane crash. Both were members of the ______ethnic group.
A. Masai
B. Tutsi
C. Hutu
D. Mumbasa
Question 19 of 20 5.0 Points
All of the following factors led to the 1994 genocide in Rwanda EXCEPT:
A. population growth.
B. deforestation.
C. hunger.
D. natural gas.
Question 20 of 20 5.0 Points
Rwanda has been heavily dependent on ______for energy needs.
A. biomass
B. coal
C. natural gas
D. petroleum